淡水河谷签署多项备忘录 拟在中东地区开发巨型枢纽，为钢铁行业提供脱碳方案
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淡水河谷签署多项备忘录 拟在中东地区开发巨型枢纽，为钢铁行业提供脱碳方案
巴西里约热内卢，2022 年 11 月 1 日——淡水河谷宣布，公司已与沙特阿拉伯王国、阿拉 伯联合酋长国和阿曼苏丹国的当地政府和客户签署三项备忘录，就于当地开发工业化综合 运营区（“巨型枢纽”）从而为钢铁行业提供低碳产品共同进行研究。
签约各方正寻求在这些巨型枢纽开发上开展合作，以期为本地市场及海运市场生产并供应 可显著减少二氧化碳排放的热压铁块（HBI）和钢铁产品。
与使用高炉-转炉（BF-BOF）长流程路径生产生铁的工艺相比，使用天然气生产 HBI 可将 二氧化碳排放量减少大约 60%1。未来如使用氢气和可再生能源，则可能消除二氧化碳排 放。
淡水河谷有望在这些巨型枢纽中建设并运营铁矿石选矿和压块工厂，以确保高品位压块产 品的供应。本地合作伙伴有望推动巨型枢纽所需物流基础设施的建设。投资者和/或客户 有望将建设并运营直接还原工厂，并成为 HBI 出口或国内市场的承购方。这些巨型枢纽将 面向全球不同市场供货，从而为钢铁行业脱碳提供支持。
淡水河谷首席执行官柏安铎（Eduardo Bartolomeo）先生说：“我们非常高兴可以宣布这 一系列合作伙伴关系，我们相信这将成为支持钢铁行业脱碳的关键。淡水河谷将通过这一 举措，确保高品位压块产品的供应，并促进低碳排放钢铁行业的发展。”
淡水河谷铁矿石业务执行副总裁司马盛（Marcello Spinelli）先生说：“我们看到了直接 还原路线的巨大潜力，我们预计高品位压块产品的海运市场需求在未来 15 年至 20 年间将 增长 1 亿吨。我们将在今后数年中结构性地增加高价值压块产品的供应，以提高我们产品 组合的价值。我们坚信，中东地区凭借具有竞争力的能源价格、战略位置和企业家精神， 拥有成功开发这些巨型枢纽的独特条件。”
此举有助于淡水河谷实现到 2035 年前将“范围三”净排放量减少 15%的承诺。淡水河谷 还承诺，到 2030 年前将“范围一”和“范围二”的绝对排放量减少 33%以及到 2050 年 前实现净零排放。这些承诺符合《巴黎协定》，将引领可持续采矿的发展进程。
1 根据政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）2019 年的数据，如果在高炉炉料结构中考虑 75%的烧结矿和 370 公斤/吨铁的焦比，所产生的“范围一”排放，不考虑碳捕获和储存。
淡水河谷已签署的备忘录包括：
- 2022 年 10 月 26 日，淡水河谷与沙特阿拉伯王国国家工业发展中心（NIDC）签署谅 解备忘录，就于拉斯·阿尔·凯尔工业城开发巨型枢纽项目共同进行研究。沙特国家 工业发展中心隶属于该国工业和矿产资源部，负责与领先的工业组织建立联系，从而 推动该国工业发展，成为该国工业行业的标杆和思想领袖，并支持在该国经济和技术 方面的领导地位。
- 2022 年 10 月 27 日，淡水河谷与阿联酋钢铁阿肯集团（ESA）签署谅解备忘录，就于 阿布扎比哈利法工业区开发巨型枢纽项目共同进行研究。ESA 是一家上市股份公司， 也是阿联酋最大的钢铁和建筑材料制造商。该集团向国内外市场供应线材、螺纹钢、 大型型钢、板材等优质钢材成品。此外，该集团还生产优质水泥、砌块、管道和干砂 浆，为制造和建筑行业打造一站式商店。ESA 在促进阿联酋经济多元化方面发挥着重 要作用，符合阿联酋“3000 亿行动”产业战略和 2030 年阿布扎比经济愿景。ESA 通 过阿布扎比工业控股公司（SENAAT）成为阿布扎比发展控股公司（ADQ）的一部 分，ADQ 是当地最大的控股企业之一，其业务遍布阿布扎比多元经济的诸多关键领 域。
- 2022 年 10 月 30 日，淡水河谷与与阿曼苏丹国商业、工业和投资促进部签署合作备忘 录，就于杜库姆经济特区开发巨型枢纽项目共同进行研究。
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